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Pregnancy can feel overwhelming at times because you cannot always track your baby's health. The most concerning factor is the low level of amniotic fluid, which is the protective liquid surrounding your baby in the womb.



Understanding the signs of low amniotic fluid levels can help you seek medical advice in a timely manner. You can also support your baby’s health better when you know how to maintain the fluid levels.



What Is Amniotic Fluid and Why Does It Matter?Amniotic fluid is a clear liquid in which your baby floats inside the amniotic sac. It surrounds your baby and has many other purposes.

• Cushions your baby from bumps and injuries.
• Allows the lung to develop properly.
• Helps your baby move, which in turn strengthens their muscles and bones.
• Maintains a consistent temperature inside.

The amniotic fluid increases as your pregnancy progresses and reaches the highest level around 34-36 weeks. The levels are determined based on the Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI), with a normal range of 8 to 18 cm.



What Does “Too Little Amniotic Fluid” Mean?When the amniotic fluid level is lower than expected, it is referred to as oligohydramnios. It can occur at any time in your pregnancy due to different reasons. However, the most common occurrence is around the third trimester.

• Dehydration: Not drinking enough fluids can lead to a decrease in your body's fluid levels.
• Placental problems: Fluid levels drop if the placenta is not delivering enough blood and nutrients to the foetus.
• Health conditions: High blood pressure, diabetes, or kidney problems make the fluid problem more severe.
• Leakage: Sometimes, your water may leak slowly without you realising it.

How Can Low Amniotic Fluid Affect a Baby’s Growth?Low fluid levels can increase the health risks for your baby if the condition is severe enough.

• Restricted growth: Your baby may have low birth weight if they stop growing due to low levels.
• Preterm birth risk: You may have to deliver early if the fluid levels decrease excessively.
• Lung development issues: Your baby practices breathing and develops lungs due to amniotic fluid. So, the low fluid can make this process slower than expected.
• Umbilical cord complications: The cord may compress, which can reduce oxygen and nutrients reaching your baby.

You do not have to worry about low levels if it is detected early, as they can be easily managed.



What Are the Warning Signs You Should Watch For?You may not feel anything unusual due to low fluid levels, so do not skip any of your prenatal checkups. You can also watch out for the following signs to receive medical help.

• Noticeably reduced foetal movements
• Sudden leakage of fluid from the vagina
• Unusual abdominal discomfort or cramping

Early detection of these problems is crucial, allowing you to contact your doctor promptly and receive appropriate treatment.



How Is Low Amniotic Fluid Diagnosed?Your doctor uses an ultrasound scan to identify low amniotic fluid, employing the following methods.

• Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI): Measures pockets of fluid in four parts of the uterus.
• Single Deepest Pocket (SDP): Looks at the largest single pocket of fluid.

Amniotic fluid is considered low if the AFI is less than 5 cm or the deepest pocket measures below 2cm. You may also require additional tests to confirm your baby's health.



What Can You Do If You Have Low Amniotic Fluid?You can make some lifestyle adjustments by taking the following steps.

Dehydration is a common reason for low fluid, so drink water regularly.

Lying on your left side can improve blood flow to the placenta.

Keep track of how often your baby moves each day.

Follow your doctor’s advice, as they may recommend additional ultrasounds, medication adjustments, or, in some cases, early delivery.

Include foods rich in protein, iron, and vitamins to support your baby's growth.

Remember that lifestyle changes are just a simple way to improve your overall pregnancy health.



Emotional and Social Support During This TimeGetting a diagnosis of low amniotic levels can be stressful, and you may even feel anxious. However, ask for support from your partner or family to help you overcome any emotional challenges that may arise. You can also take them to the next appointment with you so that you feel at ease.



Can Low Amniotic Fluid Be Prevented?You cannot prevent low levels, but you can be cautious about certain aspects to reduce the risks.

• Drink plenty of water daily
• Go to all your prenatal checkups
• If you have diabetes or hypertension, follow your doctor's advice to manage them
• Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol
• Monitor and inform about any unusual symptoms

Prevention is about good prenatal care and leading a healthy lifestyle.



Checklist: Steps to Take If You Suspect Low Amniotic Fluid

• Observe your baby’s movements daily
• Eat only healthy foods and increase your water intake
• Do not miss any of your prenatal checkups
• Inform your doctor about any health conditions or medications
• Seek emotional support from your partner or a counsellor

Low amniotic fluid may sound serious, but it is a manageable condition if it is detected early in pregnancy. Remember that going to your regular prenatal checkups can allow your doctor to identify it. You can also take some steps at your end to maintain the amniotic fluid levels. Pay attention to your water intake and monitor your baby's movements daily.



Whether you’re pregnant, a new mom, or navigating postpartum, you don’t have to do it alone. Join our support group to connect, share, and support one another.



FAQs on How Too Little Amniotic Fluid Can Affect Baby’s Growth?

Can mild low amniotic fluid correct itself?

Cases of mild oligohydramnios can improve with increased water intake and rest. However, regular ultrasounds are still necessary to track changes.

How often should amniotic fluid be checked if it’s low?

Your doctor recommends weekly or frequent ultrasounds if they think the problem is severe and can affect your baby’s growth.

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