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Mumbai | The rupee hit the psychological 90-a-dollar level in intraday trade before settling 43 paise down at an all-time low of 89.96 against the US dollar on Tuesday, largely owing to continued short-covering from speculators and sustained importer demand for the American currency.

Forex traders said multiple pressures, like foreign fund outflows from equities and lingering uncertainty over the Indo-US trade deal, are keeping investor sentiment fragile.

At the interbank foreign exchange market, the rupee opened at 89.70, then lost its ground and fell to a record intraday low of 90.00 against the US dollar, down 47 paise over its previous close.

At the end of trade on Tuesday, the rupee settled at a record low of 89.96 against the greenback, down 43 paise over its previous close.

On Monday, the rupee depreciated by eight paise to close at 89.53 against the US dollar.

"The 90 level is a major psychological barrier -- and a cluster of buy-stop orders likely sits above it. This is precisely why the RBI must remain active below 90; if the pair starts sustaining above this zone, the market could quickly shift into a higher trending phase toward 91.00 or even higher," said Anindya Banerjee, Head Commodity and Currency, Kotak Securities.

At this stage, it is essential for the central bank to prevent speculators from becoming too comfortable with a one-way trend, as that can trigger an unnecessary spike in USD-INR volatility, Banerjee added.

According to Anuj Choudhary, Research Analyst, Mirae Asset ShareKhan, the rupee hit a fresh all time low of 89.96 amid persistent FII outflows and widening trade deficit.

"Rising odds of rate cut by the Fed in December and any intervention by the central bank may also support the rupee. USD-INR spot price is expected to trade in a range of Rs 89.60 to Rs 90.20," Choudhary said.

Meanwhile, the dollar index, which gauges the greenback's strength against a basket of six currencies, was trading 0.06 per cent higher at 99.41.

Brent crude, the global oil benchmark, was trading 0.25 per cent lower at USD 63.03 per barrel in futures trade.

From a technical perspective, the key support level was 88.80–89.00, immediate resistance at 90.00 and the next major hurdle is at 91.00. "A decisive daily close above 90 may embolden momentum traders and invite fresh speculative flows," Banerjee said.

"The Reserve Bank of India has intervened to curb volatility, but limited room for further support leaves the rupee vulnerable if no agreement is reached, raising risks of a durable breach of 90," said Jigar Trivedi, Senior Research Analyst at Reliance Securities.

On the domestic equity market front, Sensex tanked 503.63 points to settle at 85,138.27, while the Nifty dropped 143.55 points to 26,032.20.

Foreign Institutional Investors sold equities worth Rs 3,642.30 crore on Tuesday, according to exchange data.

New Delhi | The rupee depreciation against major world currencies is good for the economy as it encourages labour-intensive exports from India, increases foreign exchange earnings and generates more jobs, former Niti Aayog Vice Chairman Rajiv Kumar said on Tuesday.

The eminent economist further said it is high time that a so-called 'strong rupee' is seen as the symbol of economic strength.

"Nothing to worry about rupee depreciating against major world currencies. In fact, it is good for the economy as it encourages labour-intensive exports from India, increases foreign exchange earnings and generates more jobs," Kumar said in a post on X.

The rupee hit the psychological 90-a-dollar level in intraday trade before settling 43 paise down at an all-time low of 89.96 against the US dollar on Tuesday, largely owing to continued short-covering from speculators and sustained importer demand for the American currency.

"The macho rupee syndrome should be discarded immediately. Let’s try and change this public narrative, which is detrimental to the country," he added.

At the interbank foreign exchange market, the rupee opened at 89.70, then lost its ground and fell to a record intraday low of 90.00 against the US dollar, down 47 paise over its previous close.

At the end of trade on Tuesday, the rupee settled at a record low of 89.96 against the greenback, down 43 paise over its previous close.

On Monday, the rupee depreciated by eight paise to close at 89.53 against the US dollar.