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New Delhi. For the first time since 1972, humans are preparing to orbit around the Moon. NASA’s Artemis II mission is scheduled to launch on April 1, 2026. Although the mission is on the Moon, NASA is also monitoring the Sun during this time. The question arises that when astronauts are on the moon, why is it necessary to spy on the sun?

Sun Danger: Solar Radiation

In the Artemis II mission, astronauts will travel to the Moon for about 10 days. During this period, the biggest threat will be from Solar Energetic Particles (SEP). These particles are released when the sun explodes and can reach spacecraft in a short period of time. SEPs can not only damage the vehicle’s electronic systems, but can also damage human cells.

Mars rover will give advance warning

NASA plans to use Perseverance Rover to deal with this threat. The rover’s Mastcam-Z camera will take pictures of that part of the sun which is not visible from Earth. With this, scientists can identify which sunspots are going to move towards the Moon and Earth two weeks in advance. With this information, astronauts and missions can be prepared for solar storms.

Radiation shelter in spacecraft

Artemis II’s Orion spacecraft is equipped with HERA (Hybrid Electronic Radiation Assessment) sensors. It will monitor the radiation level every moment. If the level is dangerous, the vehicle will give an alarm. In this situation, astronauts will be able to make improvised storm shelter. Using the material and weight present in the vehicle, they will create a temporary protective wall, which will make it possible to protect against direct attack of solar particles.