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New Delhi: Extreme heat during the summer months is not just uncomfortable but can also be dangerous for your health. One of the major risks linked to rising temperatures is an increased chance of brain stroke. Many people are unaware that heatwaves can directly affect the body’s internal balance, leading to serious complications. As temperatures continue to rise across India, it becomes important to understand how heat impacts the brain and overall health.

According to Dr Bhupesh Kumar Mansukhani, Director – Neurology at Neuromet Wellness Care & Diagnostics, Gurgaon, “Heatwaves pose a significant threat when it comes to brain stroke, especially due to dehydration and added stress on the circulatory system.” He explains that simple precautions and awareness can play a crucial role in preventing such life-threatening conditions during peak summer. This guide breaks down the science and shares simple prevention steps to keep your brain safe through the sweltering months.

How heat triggers brain strokes

1. How dehydration increases stroke risk

One of the biggest reasons behind the rise in stroke cases during summer is dehydration. When the body loses too much fluid due to excessive heat, the blood becomes thicker than normal. This makes it easier for clots to form, which can block blood vessels in the brain and lead to a stroke.

Dr Mansukhani explains, “Dehydration reduces the fluid content in the body, making blood thick and prone to clotting, which increases the risk of brain stroke.” Many people do not realise they are dehydrated until symptoms become severe. This makes it important to stay hydrated throughout the day, even if you do not feel thirsty.

• Drink enough water regularly, even without feeling thirsty.

• Include fluids like coconut water, buttermilk, and fresh juices.

• Avoid excessive caffeine and alcohol as they can increase dehydration.

2. Impact of heat on heart and blood pressure

Heatwaves put extra pressure on the body’s circulatory system. To cool itself down, the body increases blood flow to the skin, which can cause a drop in blood pressure. As a result, the heart has to work harder to maintain proper circulation.

“Heat causes fluctuations in blood pressure and increases strain on the heart, which can be risky for people with hypertension or heart conditions,” says Dr Mansukhani. These conditions are already major risk factors for stroke, and extreme heat further worsens the situation.

• Monitor your blood pressure regularly during summer.

• Avoid stepping out during peak afternoon heat.

• Take breaks and rest if you feel dizzy or weak.

3. Role of electrolyte imbalance in stroke

Sweating is the body’s natural way to cool down, but excessive sweating leads to loss of essential salts and electrolytes. These electrolytes are important for proper nerve and muscle function, including the heart.

Dr Mansukhani states, “Loss of electrolytes can disturb normal body functions, leading to irregularities that may increase the risk of stroke-causing clots.” When electrolyte levels drop, it can cause weakness, confusion, and irregular heartbeat, all of which are warning signs that should not be ignored.

• Add electrolyte-rich drinks to your daily routine.

• Eat fruits like bananas, watermelon, and oranges.

• Avoid prolonged exposure to heat without hydration.

Who is at higher risk and warning signs

Certain groups of people are more vulnerable to heat-related strokes. These include elderly individuals, outdoor workers, and those with existing health conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or heart disease. Long exposure to extreme heat can also lead to heatstroke, which directly affects brain function.

Dr Mansukhani warns, “Heatstroke can severely impact brain and body circulation, especially in high-risk individuals.” Recognising early warning signs can help prevent serious complications.

• Watch out for fatigue, confusion, and dizziness.

• Slurred speech or sudden weakness can be early signs of stroke.

• Seek immediate medical help if symptoms appear.

Heatwaves can silently increase the risk of brain stroke, making awareness and prevention extremely important. Taking small but consistent steps can help you stay safe and healthy even in rising temperatures.