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You must have heard blood groups A, B, AB and O, but now a blood group named ‘Gwada Negative’ has surfaced which has not been found in anyone else in the world till date. This blood group has been found in a woman from the Guadeloop of France and is considered to be the rarest blood group ever. Scientists have recorded it as a 48th blood group system by getting it recognized by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT).

Let us know that ‘Gwada Negative’ is a blood group in which EMM antigen is not fully present. Usually this antigen is found in every human’s red blood cells, but it is completely absent in this woman’s blood. Scientists have named it EMM-Negative System.

This woman cannot be offered any other blood to anyone else

According to EFS, this situation makes this woman unique in medical science. This woman can neither be offered blood to anyone else nor will her blood work for anyone else. That is, they are only matched by themselves. The head of EFS, Biologist Theory Perrd, says that this woman has received this blood due to getting a mutated genes from both parents. Because of this, his blood has become the most different and completely unique in the world. The special feature of this discovery is that ISBT has officially recognized it at the Blood Science Conference held in Milan in June 2025.

How was the search?

Explain that this mysterious blood group started in 2011, when a blood test was done before a normal surgery of a woman of Guadelop origin, who was living in Paris at the time. During that time, doctors found an antibody in his blood, which was not matching any identified blood group. The technology was limited, so it could not be identified. In 2019, through the ‘Next Generation Sequencing’ (NGS) technology, scientists re -examined the old sample of the same woman and then the secret was revealed. This discovery added a new chapter to medical science and helped scientists to understand how much blood groups in human body could be diverse.

What is medical importance of this discovery?

Actually, ‘Gwada Negative’ can not just have a scientific achievement, but can also become a hope for people struggling with rare blood disorders. Identification of every new blood group system in medical science helps in reducing the risk of blood transfusion and securing treatment in complex cases.