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As winter viruses surge across the UK, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) is advising people to consider wearing face masks.

This has led many to question how to distinguish between Covid, flu, and a common cold, and what level of concern is appropriate as we approach the colder months.

Dr Babak Ashrafi from Superdrug Online Doctor explains that it can be challenges to differentiate between these illnesses, as symptoms often overlap.

However, recognising the subtle differences and knowing when to get tested can help ensure your safety and that of others.

So, how can you tell the difference between flu and Covid?

Dr Ashrafi says that the only certain way to know is by taking a test. However, he adds that Covid is more likely to cause a loss or change in taste and smell, lingering fatigue, muscle aches, and sometimes shortness of breath.

In contrast, flu symptoms tend to appear suddenly - you might feel fine one day and completely drained the next. High fever, chills, headaches, and body aches are typical signs.

Colds, which are generally milder, usually manifest "above the neck", causing a runny nose, sneezing, and a sore throat.

How concerned should we be about flu and Covid this winter?

"Both flu and Covid can make you extremely unwell, particularly for older adults or individuals with pre-existing health conditions, the risks are significantly higher," warns Dr Ashrafi.

"We're likely to witness both viruses circulating simultaneously this winter, which not only puts a strain on healthcare but also increases the likelihood of contracting one infection whilst still recuperating from the other."

However, he adds: "The good news is that vaccines, good hygiene, and small protective measures can considerably lower your risk."

How can I avoid catching flu and Covid?

"Simple steps can have a significant impact," advises Dr Ashrafi.

"Keeping up to date with your flu jab and Covid vaccination is one of the most effective methods of self-protection. Regular hand washing, covering coughs and sneezes, and staying home when feeling unwell all contribute to reducing spread."

He adds: "In crowded indoor environments, wearing a mask provides an additional layer of protection. These minor habits not only protect you but also help safeguard vulnerable individuals during the peak winter illness season."

While flu, Covid, and colds may initially present similar symptoms, recognising key differences and timely testing can aid in understanding what you're dealing with.

This winter, a combination of vaccinations, hygiene practices, and simple precautions can play a crucial role in maintaining the health of yourself and others.