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Modern slavery at record high in the UK: Report
05 May 2026

Modern slavery is at an all-time high in the United Kingdom, according to a report by the government's independent anti-slavery commissioner.

The report, titled "Anticipating Exploitation: A Futures-Based Analysis," reveals that referrals to the national referral mechanism have nearly doubled in five years.

In 2025, there were 23,411 referrals, up from 12,691 in 2021.

Global instability, poverty fueling modern slavery: Report
Global factors

The report, authored by Eleanor Lyons, attributes the rise in modern slavery to worsening conditions both in the UK and globally.

It cites poverty, global instability, conflict, and breakdown of safe migration routes as factors creating a "growing pipeline of vulnerability" that traffickers exploit.

The report is based on research from over 50 experts across various sectors, including law enforcement and civil society.

AI could worsen exploitation, warns report
Future risks

The report warns that without action, the situation could worsen with artificial intelligence being used to scale up exploitation.

It also highlights concerns over gig economy platforms and coercive labor in sectors like agriculture and construction.

Lyons has called on ministers to increase funding for specialist police units and prosecute businesses exploiting workers.

Separate report calls for better coordination to combat trafficking
Trafficking surge

A separate report by the Council of Europe's group of experts on trafficking also noted a steep rise in potential trafficking victims.

While welcoming the steps taken by UK authorities, it urged further measures to align with anti-trafficking conventions.

The report stressed that more resources and better coordination between law enforcement and other agencies are needed to combat this issue effectively.

Government committed to tackling modern slavery, says Home Office
Government response

A Home Office spokesperson said, "Modern slavery is a global scourge that abuses and exploits people for profit."

They added that the government is committed to reviewing the modern slavery system and ensuring protection for victims.

The spokesperson also mentioned efforts to work with survivors in policy development and reduce case backlogs for swift victim support.