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Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common yet often painful condition that affects many dogs during their lifetime. Caused by bacteria entering and multiplying in the urinary tract, these infections can impact the bladder, urethra, or even the kidneys if left untreated. While both male and female dogs can develop UTIs, females are generally more susceptible due to their shorter urethra. Poor hygiene, dehydration, or underlying health issues like bladder stones can further increase the risk. Recognising the symptoms early is essential, as untreated infections can lead to severe complications such as kidney infections or chronic discomfort. Understanding the key signs of a urinary tract infection can help pet owners take timely action and ensure their dog receives the right care for a healthy recovery.



What causes urinary tract infections in dogs

A urinary tract infection in dogs occurs when bacteria enter the urinary system, usually through the urethra, and begin to multiply in the bladder. This infection can affect the bladder, urethra, or even the kidneys in more severe cases. According to a , most urinary tract infections (UTIs) in dogs are caused by E. coli or Streptococcus bacteria. Many samples showed single-bacteria growth, and some were antibiotic-resistant, stressing the need for prompt veterinary care.

Female dogs tend to be more prone to UTIs because of their shorter urethra, which makes it easier for bacteria to travel upward. However, male dogs can also develop the condition, especially if they have underlying health issues such as bladder stones, prostate problems, or a weakened immune system. Poor hygiene, inadequate hydration, or holding urine for too long can further increase the risk.


5 signs your dog has a urinary tract infection and needs immediate care


More frequent urination

One of the earliest and most noticeable signs of a UTI in dogs is the need to urinate more often than usual. You might find your dog asking to go outside frequently, having shorter intervals between bathroom breaks, or struggling to hold their bladder indoors.
Frequent urination occurs because the infection irritates the bladder lining, making the dog feel the urge to urinate even when only a small amount of urine is present. If your dog is urinating more often without an increase in water intake, it’s a sign that something may be wrong.


Excessive licking of the urinary opening

Dogs naturally lick themselves for cleaning, but when this behaviour becomes excessive, especially around the genital area, it could be due to irritation or pain caused by an infection. The constant urge to lick is a dog’s attempt to relieve discomfort or soothe the burning sensation associated with a UTI.

This sign is often accompanied by restlessness or whining, indicating that the dog is in distress. While occasional licking is normal, persistent or obsessive licking around the urinary area warrants a closer look.



Accidents in the house

If your house-trained dog suddenly starts urinating indoors, it may be more than just a behavioural issue. Urinary tract infections can make it difficult for dogs to control their bladder. The infection causes inflammation and discomfort, reducing their ability to hold urine as they usually would.

These accidents are not out of defiance but due to physical difficulty or urgency. If your dog begins to have accidents despite being well trained, it’s important to check for medical causes like a UTI before assuming it’s behavioural.



Straining or crying while urinating

Straining, whining, or whimpering during urination is another clear sign of a urinary tract problem. The infection can make urination painful because of bladder inflammation or the narrowing of the urinary passage. Your dog may squat for longer than usual or make repeated attempts to urinate with little success.

Pain while urinating can also be a symptom of more serious conditions, such as bladder stones or kidney issues, so it’s crucial to get your dog examined as soon as you notice this symptom.



Bloody or cloudy urine

Blood in the urine, known as haematuria, is one of the most concerning signs of a UTI. The infection damages the lining of the bladder and urinary tract, leading to small amounts of bleeding. The urine may appear pink, red, or dark brown in colour, depending on the amount of blood present.

Cloudy urine or urine with a strong, foul smell is another sign of bacterial infection. Both symptoms indicate that the infection may be advanced and need prompt veterinary treatment.

If you notice any of these signs, it’s important to have your dog examined as soon as possible. A vet can perform a urinalysis to confirm the infection and identify the type of bacteria involved. Early diagnosis helps prevent the infection from spreading to the kidneys, which can cause serious health complications.

Prompt treatment, typically involving antibiotics and increased hydration, can relieve your pet’s discomfort and help them recover quickly. Keeping your dog well-hydrated, ensuring regular bathroom breaks, and maintaining proper hygiene are key preventive measures.

Catching a urinary tract infection early not only protects your dog’s health but also spares them unnecessary pain and distress. Paying attention to subtle changes in behaviour or bathroom habits can make all the difference in their well-being.



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